93 -10 (72) 2024 - H.I. Zhumaniyozov, G.G. Khakimova - BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT - UPDATES AND NEW DIRECTIONS

BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT - UPDATES AND NEW DIRECTIONS

H.I. Zhumaniyozov - Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent city branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology

G.G. Khakimova - Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Nano Medical Clinic, Tashkent city branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology

G.A. Khakimov - Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Nano Medical Clinic, Tashkent city branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology

M.N. Tashmetov - Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent city branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology

HA. Salokhiddinov - Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute,

Resume

Biological therapies have changed the face of oncology by targeting cancer cells while reducing the impact on normal tissue. This publication focuses on new treatments that have contributed to advances in the treatment of certain malignancies. Immunotherapy, which has repeatedly proven breakthrough in melanoma, as well as CAR T-cell therapy for B-ALL, are major contributors to this progress. These treatments are currently being developed by modifying bispecific antibodies and CAR T cells to improve their effectiveness and bioavailability. Work to improve oncolytic virus therapy is also ongoing, and efforts are being made to improve the immunogenicity and stability of cancer vaccines. Combinations of different biological treatments, immunotherapy with oncolytic viruses or cancer vaccines are becoming increasingly important in cancer therapy. New therapeutic targets are being intensively sought among neoantigens that are not immunodeficiency or antigens associated with tumor stromal cells. An example is fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα), which is overexpressed during tumor progression. Universal therapeutic targets are also being sought, such as neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) gene fusions, a key genetic driver present in many types of cancer. This review also addresses the issue of the tumor microenvironment. Stromal cells may protect tumor cells from chemotherapy and promote relapse and progression. This publication also addresses the problem of cancer stem cell resistance to treatment and presents efforts to avoid this phenomenon. This review focuses on the most important strategies used to improve the selectivity of biological therapies.

Key words: biological therapy, cancer, recombinant antibodies, CAR T cells, oncolytic viruses, cancer vaccines, cancer microenvironment.

First page

516

Last page

525

For citation:H.I. Zhumaniyozov, G. G. Khakimova, G.A. Khakimov, M.N. Tashmetov, HA. Salokhiddinov - BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN CANCER TREATMENT - UPDATES AND NEW DIRECTIONS//New Day in Medicine 10(72)2024 516-525 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/10-72-2024

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