135 -12 (74) 2024 - Abidov U.O., Obidov I.U. - ACUTE PANCREATITIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATIONS, AND CURRENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

ACUTE PANCREATITIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATIONS, AND CURRENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Abidov U.O. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

Obidov I.U. - Bukhara branch of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care Uzbekistan

Resume

Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammatory condition of the pancreas with diverse etiologies, including gallstones, alcohol consumption, hyperlipidemia, and certain medications. Globally, the incidence of acute pancreatitis has risen, with approximately 2.8 million new cases reported in 2019, reflecting significant morbidity and mortality. The condition presents in a spectrum ranging from mild, self-limiting inflammation to severe necrotizing pancreatitis with systemic complications. Premature activation of digestive enzymes within pancreatic acinar cells is central to its pathophysiology, triggering autodigestion, inflammation, and, in severe cases, systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Diagnosis requires clinical, biochemical, and imaging criteria, with elevated serum amylase or lipase being pivotal markers. Management includes aggressive fluid resuscitation, pain control, early nutritional support, and treatment of underlying causes such as gallstones or alcohol abuse. Severe cases demand multidisciplinary approaches to prevent or treat complications like necrosis, infections, and organ failure. Ongoing research focuses on predictive biomarkers, anti-inflammatory therapies, and minimally invasive techniques, aiming to improve patient outcomes and reduce global disease burden.

Key words: Acute Pancreatitis, Mortality, Age-Standardized Mortality Rate, Acinar Cell Injury, Cytokines, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Alcohol Consumption, Hypertriglyceridemia

First page

716

Last page

724

For citation:Abidov U.O., Obidov I.U. - ACUTE PANCREATITIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATIONS, AND CURRENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES//New Day in Medicine 12(74)2024 716-724 - https://https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/12-74-2024

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