82 -4 (78) 2025 - Atoyeva M.A. - EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV- ASSOCIATED DISEASES ACROSS VARYING DEGREES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV- ASSOCIATED DISEASES ACROSS VARYING DEGREES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

Atoyeva M.A. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

Resume

Patients with HIV/AIDS often experience various respiratory, dermatological, and mucosal diseases, and recently, attention has also been drawn to neurological complications. In this literature review, the prevalence of HIV-associated diseases among patients and their correlation with the level of immunosuppression, determined by CD4 count, were analyzed. Various respiratory tract diseases, dermatological conditions, as well as different infections and neurological disorders were examined. The literature review indicates that irrespective of the degree of immunosuppression, i.e., CD4 levels, HIV-infected patients are prone to associated conditions such as sinusitis, pneumonia, leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, and meningitis. With a decrease in CD4 count to below 500/mm3, patients also face an increased risk of developing tuberculosis, thrush, herpes, and shingles. At later stages of HIV, when CD4 counts drop below 200/mm3, there is an elevated frequency of pneumocystis pneumonia, coccidioidomycosis, molluscum contagiosum, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Mycobacterium avium complex, as well as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In the most advanced stages of HIV, with CD4 counts falling below 50/mm3, they are at risk of pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cytomegalovirus retinitis, CNS lymphoma, aspergillosis, and histoplasmosis.

Keywords: HIV; AIDS; associated diseases; immunosuppression.

First page

490

Last page

495

For citation:Atoyeva M.A. - EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV- ASSOCIATED DISEASES ACROSS VARYING DEGREES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION//New Day in Medicine 4(78)2025 490-495 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/4-78-2025

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