106 -5 (79) 2025 - Ruziyev Z.M. - PHOSPHOLIPASE A2: STRUCTURE, MECHANISMS OF ACTION, SIGNALING PATHWAYS, AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, INCLUDING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS

PHOSPHOLIPASE A2: STRUCTURE, MECHANISMS OF ACTION, SIGNALING PATHWAYS, AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, INCLUDING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS

Ruziyev Z.M. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

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Phospholipases are enzymes of the hydrolase class involved in the metabolism of phospholipids. There are four main families of phospholipases: A, B, C, and D, each of which hydrolyzes a specific bond in the phospholipid molecule. The widespread presence of phospholipases in living organisms is primarily due to the crucial function they serve in maintaining and regulating membrane lipids, membrane composition, signal transmission, digestion, and the regulation of inflammatory processes. Phospholipids are the primary components of the lipid bilayer of cellular membranes. These molecules consist of two acyl or alkyl groups and various phospho-head groups connected to a glycerol backbone. In recent years, significant attention has been focused on the metabolism of phospholipids by phospholipases and the role of their metabolites in the regulation of cellular functions. The high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the central nervous system (CNS) has prompted studies on phospholipase A2 (PLA2), enzymes that cleave the acyl groups at the sn-2 position of phospholipids, resulting in the formation of PUFAs and lysophospholipids. Among the numerous PLA2 subtypes, three main types have been most studied: calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), and secretory PLA2 (sPLA2). These enzymes differ in molecular structure, cellular localization, and, consequently, in the production of lipid mediators with various functions

Keywords: Phospholipase A2, phospholipids, phospholipase superfamily, protein structure, mechanism of action, signaling pathways, central nervous system

First page

531

Last page

535

For citation:Ruziyev Z.M. - PHOSPHOLIPASE A2: STRUCTURE, MECHANISMS OF ACTION, SIGNALING PATHWAYS, AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, INCLUDING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS//New Day in Medicine 5(79)2025 531-535 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/5-79-2025

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