16 -6 (80) 2025 - Abdullaeva F.O. - EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR DRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR DRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Abdullaeva F.O. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

Resume

This review critically evaluates advances in treating drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (DR-TB), focusing on multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) strains. It synthesizes evidence from clinical trials (e.g., endTB, STREAM), observational studies, and 2025 guidelines (WHO, ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA) to assess modern therapeutic strategies. Paradigm shift from toxic, prolonged regimens (18–24 months) to shorter (6-month), all-oral therapies (e.g., BPaLM/BPaL), leveraging novel agents like bedaquiline, pretomanid, and delamanid. Cure rates now exceed 85% in trials, a dramatic improvement from historical rates (30–60%). HIV coinfection, pediatric, and pregnancy-specific challenges are addressed, with evidence supporting early ART integration and pediatric bedaquiline use. Limited diagnostic access, drug stockouts, and infrastructure gaps in high-burden regions (e.g., Russia, Central Asia). Rising bedaquiline/linezolid resistance (4–8%) and inadequate safety data for pregnancy. Cost and supply chain limitations despite price reductions. Universal drug susceptibility testing (DST), decentralized care models, and accelerated research into ultra-short regimens and pediatric formulations. Conclusion: While novel regimens mark a therapeutic breakthrough, achieving WHO End TB targets requires addressing implementation gaps and emerging resistance through coordinated global action.

Key words: treatment, drug-resistant, tuberculosis, effectiveness

First page

82

Last page

86

For citation:Abdullaeva F.O. - EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR DRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS//New Day in Medicine 6(80)2025 82-86 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/6-80-2025

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