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  • 88 -6 (80) 2025 - Ikromova Z.X., Dilmuradova K.R. - CLINICAL EFFECT OF NEUROSTIMULANTS IN REDUCING APNOE EPISODES IN PREMATURE BABIES

88 -6 (80) 2025 - Ikromova Z.X., Dilmuradova K.R. - CLINICAL EFFECT OF NEUROSTIMULANTS IN REDUCING APNOE EPISODES IN PREMATURE BABIES

CLINICAL EFFECT OF NEUROSTIMULANTS IN REDUCING APNOE EPISODES IN PREMATURE BABIES

Ikromova Z.X. - Samarkand State Medical University

Dilmuradova K.R. - Samarkand State Medical University

Ziyadullayeva H.O. - Samarkand State Medical University

Xudoyberdiyeva Sh. - Samarkand State Medical University

Sharipova M. - Samarkand State Medical University

Xudoyorova I. - Samarkand State Medical University

Nizamova D. - Samarkand State Medical University

Resume

Background: Apnea of prematurity is a common condition in preterm infants, manifesting as episodes of breathing cessation with bradycardia and hypoxemia due to immature respiratory control. This syndrome increases neonatal morbidity and mortality risk. Methylxanthines, especially caffeine citrate, are considered the most effective therapy to prevent and treat apnea. Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of caffeine citrate therapy in preterm infants with apnea. Methods: In this clinical study, 80 preterm infants with apnea received comprehensive treatment including caffeine citrate (loading dose 20 mg/kg IV, followed by 5 mg/kg per day orally). By day 5 of therapy, respiratory status and laboratory/instrumental parameters were assessed. Results: Within 3–5 days from treatment initiation, 70% of infants had complete cessation of apnea episodes, and the remaining 30% showed a significant reduction in frequency (<3 episodes/day). Spontaneous breathing was restored in 85% of infants; CPAP support was weaned by day 3–5 in 62.5% of cases, and need for mechanical ventilation decreased in 37.5%. Blood gas and metabolic indices improved: arterial pH increased with reduction in pCO₂, lactate level decreased, and electrolyte balance normalized (Table 1). In addition, signs of inflammation subsided as serum interleukin-1, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein levels significantly declined post-treatment (Table 2). Lung ultrasound indicated a two-fold reduction in interstitial syndrome signs, and cranial ultrasound showed ~60% decrease in frequency and severity of intraventricular hemorrhages. Conclusion: The study results demonstrate that incorporating caffeine citrate into the therapy of apnea in preterm infants effectively leads to faster resolution of apnea episodes, reduction of respiratory insufficiency, correction of metabolic disturbances, and prevention of infectious-inflammatory complications. Thus, caffeine citrate is clinically effective in treating apnea of prematurity and improves the survival prognosis for these vulnerable patients

Keywords: apnea of prematurity, preterm infant, caffeine citrate, therapy, respiratory failure, neonatology

First page

426

Last page

434

For citation:Ikromova Z.X., Dilmuradova K.R., Ziyadullayeva H.O., Xudoyberdiyeva Sh., Sharipova M., Xudoyorova I., Nizamova D. - CLINICAL EFFECT OF NEUROSTIMULANTS IN REDUCING APNOE EPISODES IN PREMATURE BABIES//New Day in Medicine 6(80)2025 426-434 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/6-80-2025

List of References

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