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  • 42 -7 (81) 2025 - Abdusalamova M.I. - RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE EVENTS DURING ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS CHEMOTHERAPY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF TUBERCULOSIS

42 -7 (81) 2025 - Abdusalamova M.I. - RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE EVENTS DURING ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS CHEMOTHERAPY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF TUBERCULOSIS

RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE EVENTS DURING ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS CHEMOTHERAPY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF TUBERCULOSIS

Abdusalamova M.I. - Andijan State Medical Institute

Resume

This study is dedicated to identifying risk factors for the development of adverse events (AEs) during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy (ATC) in children and adolescents with various forms of tuberculosis. The relevance of this topic is determined by the high vulnerability of the pediatric population to drug-related toxicity, the growing prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) forms, and the lack of sufficient systematized data on AE predictors in pediatric practice. A total of 182 patients under the age of 18, undergoing the intensive phase of ATC, were included in the study. Clinical, social, epidemiological, and laboratory indicators were analyzed to determine their significance as AE risk factors. Statistical methods were employed, including odds ratio (OR) calculations and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The most significant risk factors for the development of AEs were identified as: female sex (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.27–4.21), presence of a single parent (OR = 13.4; 95% CI: 5.84–30.7), use of second-line drugs (OR = 4.94; 95% CI: 2.22–10.9), and the presence of drug-resistant TB forms, particularly MDR-TB (OR = 29.16; 95% CI: 7.56–112.4) and XDR-TB (OR = 49.0; 95% CI: 2.53–948.67). These findings indicate an extremely high risk of complications in these patient groups. It was also noted that children with post-vaccination BCG scars experienced AEs more frequently, possibly due to increased immune reactivity. Social factors such as orphanhood and living in poor household conditions exacerbate the risk of AEs by reducing treatment adherence and complicating therapy supervision. The results of this study emphasize the need to implement early patient stratification systems based on risk levels, to individualize ATC regimens, and to ensure mandatory monitoring of side effects alongside preventive interventions (e.g., hepatoprotectors, antihistamines, psychosocial support). This is particularly critical in treating children with resistant TB forms and those in socially vulnerable conditions. Thus, identifying risk factors for AEs during ATC in children and adolescents not only allows for forecasting potential complications but also helps optimize therapeutic approaches, significantly improving the efficacy and safety of pediatric TB treatment.

Keywords: tuberculosis, children, adolescents, drug resistance, adverse events, anti-tuberculosis

First page

213

Last page

218

For citation:Abdusalamova M.I. - RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE EVENTS DURING ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS CHEMOTHERAPY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF TUBERCULOSIS//New Day in Medicine 7(81)2025 213-218 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/7-81-2025

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