50 -7 (81) 2025 - Nurmanov A.F., Nasullayev F.O. - DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN

DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN

Nurmanov A.F. - Department of the Navoi Regional Multidisciplinary Children's Medical Center

Nasullayev F.O. - Navoi State University

Resume

Developmental delays and neurological disorders in children represent a significant global health challenge, affecting approximately 15–20% of the pediatric population. This article examines the etiology, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based interventions for conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, and cognitive delays. Key risk factors—including genetic predisposition (40–60% of cases), perinatal complications (15–20%), and environmental influences (30–50% increased risk from toxic exposures)—are analyzed. Early intervention, particularly before age 3, improves outcomes by up to 30%, yet disparities in access persist, especially in low-resource settings. The review highlights advancements in neuroimaging (e.g., DTI detecting white matter abnormalities in 60–70% of cases) and genetics (whole-exome sequencing diagnosing 30–40% of idiopathic cases). Therapeutic strategies such as the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) demonstrate substantial efficacy (1.2 SD cognitive gains), while emerging technologies like virtual reality and transcranial stimulation show promise. However, barriers—including diagnostic delays (averaging 13.5 months) and therapist shortages—underscore the need for global policy reforms. This synthesis advocates for universal screening, multidisciplinary care models, and precision medicine to optimize developmental trajectories

Keywords: developmental delay, pediatric neurology, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy, epilepsy, early intervention, neuroplasticity, biomarkers, tele-rehabilitation, global health

First page

254

Last page

259

For citation:Nurmanov A.F., Nasullayev F.O. - DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN//New Day in Medicine 7(81)2025 254-259 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/7-81-2025

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