18 -8 (82) 2025 - Ortiqboyev J.O. - NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Ortiqboyev J.O. - Tashkent State Medical University

Resume

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem affecting about 10% of the world's population, with the highest prevalence in Latin America, Europe, East Asia and the Middle East. In Uzbekistan, the number of patients on hemodialysis has increased 2.5 times over the past 5 years. CKD is associated with high costs of renal replacement therapy and increased mortality, especially among young and working-age population. Diet therapy plays a key role in slowing the progression of CKD, improving metabolic parameters and quality of life of patients. For patients with CKD stages 1-2, a healthy diet low in sodium and high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains is recommended. In stages 3-5, diet therapy focuses on controlling protein intake (0.6–0.8 g/kg/day, with a possible reduction to 0.3–0.4 g/kg/day using keto analogues), sodium (up to 2.3 g/day), phosphates (0.8–1 g/day) and potassium, as well as preventing protein-energy malnutrition and metabolic acidosis. The use of amino acid keto analogues enhances the effectiveness of a low-protein diet, reducing the rate of loss of renal function and improving control of hyperphosphatemia, hypertension and proteinuria. Phosphate binders, especially calcium-free ones, help manage hyperphosphatemia, reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications. Adequate caloric intake (30–35 kcal/kg/day) and a balanced intake of microelements and B vitamins are important components of diet therapy

Key words: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), diet therapy, hyperphosphatemia, phosphate binders, nephroprotection, metabolic acidosis, phosphorus-calcium metabolism

First page

91

Last page

100

For citation:Ortiqboyev J.O. - NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE//New Day in Medicine 8(82)2025 91-100 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/8-82-2025

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