50 -10 (84) 2025 - Adambayev Z.I., Kilichev I.A. - MECHANISMS OF NEUROMODULATION: MODERN STRATEGIES

MECHANISMS OF NEUROMODULATION: MODERN STRATEGIES

Adambayev Z.I. - Urgench Branch of Tashkent State Medical University, "Surge Land" Clinic, Urgench Uzbekistan

Kilichev I.A. - Urgench Branch of Tashkent State Medical University, "Surge Land" Clinic, Urgench Uzbekistan

Saparbayev K.I. - Urgench Branch of Tashkent State Medical University, "Surge Land" Clinic, Urgench Uzbekistan

Resume

This article provides a comprehensive review of current concepts regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuromodulation in the central nervous system and pharmacological strategies aimed at its correction. Neuromodulation, as a fundamental process regulating neuronal activity, is mediated by key systems (dopaminergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic via metabotropic receptors, GABAergic via GABAB receptors, endocannabinoid), which modulate synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, neuroplasticity, and network activity in the brain and spinal cord. The article analyzes in detail the mechanisms of action of neuromodulators, including interaction with metabotropic receptors, regulation of intracellular signaling cascades (cAMP, PLS/IP3/DAG), ion channels, and effects on glial cells. Special attention is given to modern pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to enhancing neuromodulation: mechanisms of action of existing drugs (receptor agonists/antagonists, reuptake inhibitors, degradation enzymes) used in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders (Parkinson’s disease, depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, chronic pain, stroke sequelae) are discussed.

Keywords: neuromodulation, mechanisms of synaptic transmission activation, neuronal excitability, neuroplasticity, and network activity in the brain and spinal cord.

First page

268

Last page

278

For citation:Adambayev Z.I., Kilichev I.A., Saparbayev K.I. - MECHANISMS OF NEUROMODULATION: MODERN STRATEGIES//New Day in Medicine 10(84)2025 268-278 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/10-84-2025

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