11 -11 (85) 2025 - Qudratov F.O., Bafoyeva Z.B. - DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF BIOMARKERS IN GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME

DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF BIOMARKERS IN GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME

Qudratov F.O. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

Bafoyeva Z.B. - Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina

Resume

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by rapidly progressing weakness and paralysis. Early diagnosis and outcome prediction remain challenging due to the clinical heterogeneity and fast disease progression. In recent years, biomarkers reflecting immune pathogenesis, axonal damage, and inflammation have been actively investigated. Among them, antiganglioside antibodies (GM1, GD1a, GQ1b), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) have shown particular promise. Their detection in serum or cerebrospinal fluid can improve disease stratification, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. This review summarizes current data on the diagnostic and prognostic value of biomarkers in GBS, highlighting their potential role in personalized medicine.

Keywords: Guillain–Barré syndrome, biomarkers, antiganglioside antibodies, cytokines, neurofilaments, prognosis

First page

60

Last page

62

For citation:Qudratov F.O., Bafoyeva Z.B. - DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF BIOMARKERS IN GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME//New Day in Medicine 11(85)2025 60-62 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/11-85-2025

List of References

  1. Юки Н., Хартунг Х.П. Синдром Гийена–Барре // Нервные болезни. – 2013. – Т.15, №4. – С. 12–25.(ориг.: Yuki N., Hartung H.P. Guillain–Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(24):2294–2304.)
  2. Willison H.J., Jacobs B.C., van Doorn P.A. Guillain–Barré syndrome. Lancet. 2016;388(10045):717–727.DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00339-1.
  3. Петцольд А., Якобс Б.Ц., Ван ден Берг Б. Нейрофиламенты как биомаркеры при периферических невропатиях. // Журнал неврологии и нейрохирургии им. С.Н. Бурденко. – 2021;3:45-53. (ориг.: Petzold A. Neurofilament levels as biomarkers in peripheral neuropathies. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2020;25(4):336–345.)
  4. Zhang G., Wang Y., Zhao Y. Cytokine profiles in Guillain–Barré syndrome: a systematic review. J Neuroimmunol. 2022;370:577913. DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577913.
  5. Kuwabara S., Yuki N. Axonal Guillain–Barré syndrome: concepts and controversies. Lancet Neurology. 2013;12(12):1180-1188. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70215-1.
  6. Сахарова Е.А., Ежова Л.С., Морозова Т.В. Биомаркеры аксонального повреждения при синдроме Гийена–Барре // Неврологический журнал. 2021;26(4):23-30.
  7. Luigetti M., Siconolfi G., Vitali F. Neurofilament Light Chain Levels as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Guillain–Barré Syndrome: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neurology and Therapy. 2025;14(2):455–470.DOI: 10.1007/s40120-025-00830-x.
  8. Sun T., Chen X., Shi S., Liu Q., Cheng Y. Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Levels in Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci. 2019;13:717. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00717.
  9. Wu C.-L., Chao C.-H., Lin S.-W. et al. Plasma Biomarkers Reflect Immune Mechanisms of Guillain–Barré Syndrome. Front Neurol. 2021;12:720794. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.720794.
  10. Zhang Y., Zhao Y., Wang Y. Prognostic factors of Guillain-Barré syndrome: a 111-case retrospective review. Chin Neurosurg J. 2018;4:14.DOI: 10.1186/s41016-018-0138-2.
  11. Cabanillas-Lazo M., Quispe-Vicuña C., Cruzalegui-Bazán C. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Front Neurol. 2023;14:1153690. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1153690.
  12. Садикова Г.А., Турсунова Н.Ш. Иммунологические аспекты синдрома Гийена–Барре // Вестник неврологии Узбекистана. 2020;2:56-62.
  13. Курбонов И.Б., Абдуллаева Н.М. Клинические и лабораторные особенности аутоиммунных полиневропатий // Медицина и инновации Узбекистана. 2022;3(15):48-53.

    file

    download