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  • 153 -12 (86) 2025 - Ermatov N., Koraev B. - ANALYSIS OF HYGIENIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF CLINICAL STAGES OF HUMAN IMMUNE VIRUS INFECTION ON THE BASIS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

153 -12 (86) 2025 - Ermatov N., Koraev B. - ANALYSIS OF HYGIENIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF CLINICAL STAGES OF HUMAN IMMUNE VIRUS INFECTION ON THE BASIS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

ANALYSIS OF HYGIENIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF CLINICAL STAGES OF HUMAN IMMUNE VIRUS INFECTION ON THE BASIS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

Ermatov N. - Tashkent State Medical University

Koraev B. - Andijan Regional AIDS Center

Mamadaliev A. - Andijan Regional AIDS Center

Shakirov A. - Andijan Regional AIDS Center

Usmanov Sh. - Andijan Regional AIDS Center

Nurmukhamedov H.K. - Tashkent State Medical University

Resume

Background. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses HIV replication and promotes immune reconstitution, clinical stage progression continues to be observed in a subset of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Understanding the factors associated with clinical progression under ART remains essential for optimizing long-term disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of HIV clinical stages during ART and to assess the role of demographic, nutritional, and hygienic factors in clinical progression. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2023 and 2025 at the Andijan Regional AIDS Center. The study included 411 adults (≥18 years) with HIV infection diagnosed at WHO clinical stage I or II and demonstrating high adherence to ART. Exclusion criteria comprised pregnancy, active tuberculosis, malignancy, severe nutritional deficiency, and pre-existing disability (groups I–II) prior to HIV diagnosis. Data collection encompassed socio-demographic characteristics, baseline and current clinical stage, comorbid conditions, harmful habits, and dietary patterns. Immunological (CD4+ T-cell count) and virological (viral load) parameters were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using R software, with p-values <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results. Median age increased progressively across clinical stages: 35 years (IQR: 29–42) at stage I, 39 years (30–48) at stage II, and 41 years (31–48) at stage III (p=0.003). Gender distribution differed primarily due to a higher proportion of females at stage II (p=0.006), while no statistically significant differences were observed according to place of residence (p=0.7). Among individuals initially diagnosed at stages I–III, the duration of living with HIV (in months) did not differ significantly across current clinical stages (p=0.6–0.7), indicating that clinical stage progression is not determined solely by time since diagnosis. In multivariable analysis, married status was independently associated with a higher prevalence of clinical stage progression (PR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.18–3.21; p=0.002). In contrast, higher consumption of protein-rich and micronutrient-dense foods—meat (PR=0.56; p=0.002), eggs (PR=0.63; p=0.002), dairy products (PR=0.77; p=0.047), and fruits and vegetables (PR=0.62; p<0.001)—was associated with a lower prevalence of clinical progression. Conclusion. Clinical stage progression may persist despite sustained ART. These findings highlight the necessity of a comprehensive management strategy that integrates nutritional optimization and selected social determinants alongside antiretroviral therapy to maintain clinical stability in PLHIV.

Keywords: AIDS - clinical stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection, analysis of hygienic factors affecting the progression of the disease on the basis of antiretroviral therapy, comprehensive consideration of social indicators.

First page

864

Last page

873

For citation:Ermatov N., Koraev B., Mamadaliev A., Shakirov A., Usmanov Sh., Nurmukhamedov H.K. - ANALYSIS OF HYGIENIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF CLINICAL STAGES OF HUMAN IMMUNE VIRUS INFECTION ON THE BASIS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY//New Day in Medicine 12(86)2025 864-873 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/12-86-2025

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