89 -2 (88) 2026 - Nasirova Z.A., Umurzakova D.F. - THE IMPACT OF OBESITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLACENTAL ABRUPTION

THE IMPACT OF OBESITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLACENTAL ABRUPTION

Nasirova Z.A. - Samarkand State Medical University

Umurzakova D.F. - Samarkand State Medical University

Resume

English. Placental abruption is a severe obstetric complication associated with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal obesity has been increasingly recognized as an independent, modifiable risk factor contributing to placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the impact of maternal obesity on the incidence and clinical characteristics of placental abruption in a large cohort of deliveries in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, analyzing 16,774 deliveries at Maternity Hospital No. 2 from 2022 to 2024. Cases of placental abruption were identified and stratified according to maternal body mass index (BMI), age, parity, and the presence of comorbidities such as hypertensive disorders or prior uterine surgery. Descriptive statistics and χ² analysis were used to assess associations between obesity and the occurrence of placental abruption. Results: Placental abruption was diagnosed in 75 cases (0.45%). Obesity of varying degrees was present in 33.3% of affected women, predominantly mild to moderate. The highest incidence of abruption occurred in women with elevated BMI, while maternal age over 35 years and multiparity further increased risk. Notably, in 2024, cases were observed in women with obesity in the absence of hypertensive disorders or prior uterine surgery, indicating a direct effect of obesity potentially mediated by chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. These findings suggest that obesity exerts an independent and clinically significant influence on placental integrity beyond traditional obstetric risk factors. Conclusions: Maternal obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for placental abruption, with increasing BMI associated with higher incidence and severity. Preconception weight optimization and individualized antenatal monitoring are essential strategies for reducing the risk of placental complications. Further research is warranted to elucidate the metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms by which obesity contributes to placental pathology, with potential implications for targeted preventive interventions.

Keywords: placental abruption, maternal obesity, body mass index, pregnancy, placental complications, risk

First page

455

Last page

460

For citation:Nasirova Z.A., Umurzakova D.F. - THE IMPACT OF OBESITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLACENTAL ABRUPTION//New Day in Medicine 2(88)2026 455-460 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/2-88-2026

List of References

  1. Aylamazyan, E. K., Kulakov, V. I., Radzinsky, V. E., Savelyeva, G. M. (2021). Obstetrics: National guideline. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media.
  2. Radzinsky, V. E., Orazmuradov, A. A., Kostin, I. N., Kerchev, I. V. (2020). Extragenital pathology and pregnancy. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media.
  3. Savelyeva, G. M., Sukhikh, G. T., Shmakov, R. G., Filippov, O. S. (2019). Premature placental abruption: modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5, 5–12.
  4. Shmakov, R. G., Baev, O. R., Kan, N. E., Tyutyunnik, V. L. (2020). Obesity and pregnancy: clinical aspects and perinatal risks. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7, 15–22.
  5. Ananth, C. V., Keyes, K. M., Hamilton, A. (2015). Placental abruption and adverse perinatal outcomes. JAMA, 313(3), 256–264.
  6. Aune, D., Saugstad, O. D., Henriksen, T., Tonstad, S. (2014). Maternal body mass index and the risk of placental abruption. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 93(5), 497–504.
  7. Bodnar, L. M., Parks, W. T., Perkins, K., Pugh, S. J., Platt, R. W., Simhan, H. N. (2016). Maternal obesity and placental pathology. Placenta, 38, 42–49.
  8. Dekker, G. A., Sibai, B. M. (2019). Etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia: current clinical perspectives. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 221(6), 549–560.
  9. Henderson, J. T., Whitlock, E. P., O’Connor, E., Senger, C. A., Thompson, J. H., & Rowland, M. G. (2014). Low-dose aspirin for prevention of morbidity and mortality from preeclampsia. Annals of Internal Medicine, 160(10), 695–703.
  10. James, A. H. (2020). Pregnancy-associated thrombosis. Hematology: American Society of Hematology Education Program, 2020, 277–285.

    file

    download