43 -5 (91) 2026 - Sapayev O.K., Karimov R.O. - RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTION CRITERIA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROLYTHIAZ IN EARLY CHILDREN

RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTION CRITERIA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROLYTHIAZ IN EARLY CHILDREN

Sapayev O.K. - Urgench State Medical Institute

Karimov R.O. - Urgench State Medical Institute

Resume

Urolithiasis (kidney stone disease) is increasingly occurring in the child population and, if detected at an early age, increases the risk of long-term complications (chronic kidney failure, hypertension, recurrent infections). The aim of this study is to study the main risk factors (metabolic, genetic, dietary, environmental, and anatomical) affecting the development of urolithiasis in children aged 0–18 years, the clinical, laboratory, and instrumental manifestations of the disease, and to develop reliable criteria for assessing long-term prognosis. The study included 150 children diagnosed with urolithiasis (main group) and 50 healthy children (control group). Metabolic studies (determination of daily excretion of calcium, oxalate, urates, citrate, cystine), analysis of genetic markers, assessment of nutritional regimen, as well as ultrasound and CT studies of urinary tract were conducted. The results showed that the most common metabolic disorders are hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, and a constant acidic urine reaction. Errors in nutrition (insufficient fluid intake, excess animal protein and salt), genetic predisposition, and regional environmental factors (water composition) constitute a significant portion of the risk. During medium-term observation (2–5 years), a recurrence of stone formation was recorded in 38% of cases. Unfavorable prognostic criteria were identified as: bilateral process, nephrocalcinosis, cystine stones, uncorrected metabolic disorders, and urinary tract obstruction. The research results emphasize the importance of an individualized approach to the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis in young children.

Keywords: urolithiasis, children, early age, risk factors, hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria, metabolic disorders, prognosis, recurrence, nephrocalcinosis, urinary tract stones.

First page

247

Last page

259

For citation:Sapayev O.K., Karimov R.O. - RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTION CRITERIA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROLYTHIAZ IN EARLY CHILDREN//New Day in Medicine 5(91)2026 247-259 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/5-91-2026

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