152 -6 (80) 2025 - N.O. Mamedova - CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BLASTOCYSTOSIS

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BLASTOCYSTOSIS

N.O. Mamedova - Azerbaijan Medical University Azarbaijan Baku

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Relevance. Among intestinal protozoan infections, blastocystosis remains a global problem in both developed and developing countries. Blastocystis spp. is included by the World Health Organization in the program of sanitary assessment of water bodies. The prevalence of this invasion in developed countries is 20%, and in developing countries - more than 50%. Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of blastocystosis. Material and methods of research. The study was conducted in 2017–2019 at the Clinic of Parasitic Diseases of the V.Yu. Akhundov Research Institute of Medical Prevention. The object of the study was 198 outpatients admitted to the clinic with complaints of gastrointestinal diseases. The main group consisted of 113 patients, the control group consisted of 85 practically healthy individuals. The average age of the patients was 18–40 years. Of these, 103 were men (52.0%) and 95 were women (48.0%). General stool analysis, biochemical blood analysis, bacteriological and molecular biological examination (polymerase chain reaction) of the patients were carried out. During statistical processing of the research results, the mean (M), standard error of the mean (m), minimum (min) and maximum (max) values were calculated for each variation series. For qualitative analysis, the χ2 criterion was used. Statistical calculations were performed in EXCELL-2010 and SPSS-20 programs. Results. Blastocystis invasion was detected in 25.9±0.5% of the examined individuals. 50.9% of blastocystis patients were women, 49.1% were men. The lowest frequency of blastocystis was determined in the age group over 61 years - 1.2±2.6% and in the age group 41-60 years - 4.8±1.6%. In the age group of 18-40 years, the highest frequency of blastocystosis was registered among persons aged 18-40 years - 30.1±1.1%. In the studied samples, the ST2 genotype was detected in 24.2%, ST3 - in 59.1% and ST4 - in 16.7%. In Baku, the most common subtype ST3 was registered in 62.8% of women and 55% of men. It was determined that the frequency of blastocystosis infection in rural residents (31.8±1.2%) is significantly higher than in urban residents - 24.5±1.5% (p<0.001). Conclusion. Observations show that in patients with blastocystosis, abdominal pain is observed in 40.9±3.5%, nausea in 38.3±3.5%, diarrhea in 35.2±3.4%, constipation in 21.2±2.9%, flatulence in 51.3±3.4%, fecal odor in 47.2±3.6% and bad breath in 30.6±3.4% of cases. In addition, patients with blastocystosis experienced symptoms such as hair loss (9.3±2.1%), bruxism (28.5±3.3%), vomiting (17.1±2.7%), headaches (15.5±2.6%), watery mouth (35.2±3.4%), and itching around the anus (8.8±2.0%)

Key words: Blastocystosis; Blastocystis spp.; epidemiology; genotype; clinical course

First page

780

Last page

785

For citation:N.O. Mamedova - CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BLASTOCYSTOSIS//New Day in Medicine 6(80)2025 780-785 https://newdayworldmedicine.com/en/new_day_medicine/6-80-2025

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